行業(yè)資訊
裝載機(jī)氣缸套拉傷以及磨損的原因措施
來源：http://drafti.cn/ 日期：2022-07-04
裝載機(jī)是施工過程中不可缺少的一個(gè)設(shè)備，所以平常要好好維護(hù)它，防止出現(xiàn)問題而造成隱患，那么我們?cè)谶@里了解下一個(gè)問題--裝載機(jī)氣缸套拉傷以及磨損的原因措施。
The loader is an indispensable equipment in the construction process, so it should be well maintained to prevent problems from causing hidden dangers. Here we learn about the next problem -- the causes and measures of the tension and wear of the loader cylinder liner.
裝載機(jī)缸套應(yīng)變
Loader cylinder liner strain
缸套應(yīng)變的主要表現(xiàn)是：缸內(nèi)活塞發(fā)出敲擊聲；柴油機(jī)功率下降；油燃燒，尾氣呈藍(lán)色或白色；油變稀，壓力下降。
The main manifestations of cylinder liner strain are: the piston in the cylinder makes a knocking sound; Diesel engine power decreases; When the oil burns, the tail gas is blue or white; The oil becomes thinner and the pressure drops.
(1)氣缸故障的原因有：
(1) The causes of cylinder failure are:
①冷卻系統(tǒng)故障，機(jī)器過熱，活塞受熱膨脹過大；
① The cooling system is faulty, the machine is overheated, and the piston is heated and expanded too much;
②機(jī)油量不足、變質(zhì)或含有雜質(zhì)，造成潤(rùn)滑不良；
② Insufficient oil, deterioration or impurities, resulting in poor lubrication;
③活塞與缸壁間隙過?。ǘ嘁娪谛聶C(jī)或剛大修的柴油機(jī)）
③ The clearance between piston and cylinder wall is too small (mostly seen in new engines or diesel engines that have just been overhauled)
④活塞環(huán)斷裂或卡??；
④ The piston ring is broken or stuck;
⑤活塞銷彈性擋圈失效，導(dǎo)致活塞銷移動(dòng)。
⑤ The piston pin circlip fails, causing the piston pin to move.
裝載機(jī)缸套磨損
Wear of loader cylinder liner
為減少缸套磨損，除在設(shè)計(jì)制造上采取防腐耐磨措施外，在使用和維護(hù)工程中還應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
In order to reduce the wear of cylinder liner, in addition to taking anti-corrosion and wear-resistant measures in design and manufacture, the following points should also be paid attention to in use and maintenance engineering:
⑴正確啟動(dòng)和啟動(dòng)。
(1) correct startup and startup.
冷車啟動(dòng)后，應(yīng)在小油門狀態(tài)下暖車3～5分鐘，方可啟動(dòng)自行車。
After the cold start, the bike should be warmed up for 3 ~ 5 minutes under the condition of low throttle before starting.
帶負(fù)荷工作一段時(shí)間，待溫度升高后再進(jìn)行重負(fù)荷工作。
Work under load for a period of time, and then work under heavy load after the temperature rises.
(2)保持發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的正常溫度。
(2) Maintain the normal temperature of the engine.
柴油機(jī)溫度過低，不能保持良好的潤(rùn)滑，會(huì)增加氣缸壁的摩擦力；溫度過高會(huì)降低氣缸的強(qiáng)度，加劇磨損。為80℃～90℃。當(dāng)溫度超過95℃時(shí)，應(yīng)減少負(fù)載或停機(jī)冷卻。
The temperature of the diesel engine is too low to maintain good lubrication, which will increase the friction of the cylinder wall; Too high temperature will reduce the strength of the cylinder and intensify wear. 80 ℃ ~ 90 ℃. When the temperature exceeds 95 ℃, reduce the load or shut down for cooling.
⑶保持良好的潤(rùn)滑。
(3) keep good lubrication.
定期檢查并保持油品質(zhì)量好，油位適中，并根據(jù)季節(jié)定期更換。使用粘度適當(dāng)?shù)挠?，以確保良好的潤(rùn)滑。
Regularly check and keep the oil quality good and the oil level moderate, and replace it regularly according to the season. Use oil with proper viscosity to ensure good lubrication.
⑷加強(qiáng)三濾（空濾、機(jī)油濾、柴油濾）的保養(yǎng)。
(4) strengthen the maintenance of three filters (air filter, oil filter and diesel filter).
這是防止機(jī)械雜質(zhì)進(jìn)入汽缸，減少汽缸壁磨損，延長(zhǎng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)使用壽命的主要措施，這對(duì)裝載機(jī)上使用的柴油機(jī)來說尤其重要，因?yàn)檠b載機(jī)的含塵量往往很高。
This is the main measure to prevent mechanical impurities from entering the cylinder, reduce cylinder wall wear and prolong the service life of the engine, which is particularly important for the diesel engine used on the loader, because the dust content of the loader is often very high.
⑸提高維修保養(yǎng)質(zhì)量。
(5) improve the quality of maintenance.
濟(jì)南裝載機(jī)租賃人員提醒您要嚴(yán)格按照柴油機(jī)操作和保養(yǎng)手冊(cè)規(guī)定的技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行保養(yǎng)和維修作業(yè)。調(diào)整和控制各配合間隙（開啟間隙），防止因維修保養(yǎng)不當(dāng)導(dǎo)致活塞與缸壁加速磨損。
Jinan loader leasing personnel remind you to carry out maintenance and repair operations in strict accordance with the technical standards specified in the diesel engine operation and maintenance manual. Adjust and control the fitting clearance (opening clearance) to prevent accelerated wear of piston and cylinder wall due to improper maintenance.
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